Java 10 to 17 most features to optimizing the code in the application

 

Java 10

1. Local-Variable Type Inference (var)

   • Description: Allows the type of local variables to be inferred by the compiler.
   • Example:

     var list = new ArrayList<String>();

   • Benefit: Reduces boilerplate code and makes code more readable.

2. Application Class-Data Sharing (AppCDS)

   • Description: Extends CDS to allow application classes to be archived and shared.
   • Benefit: Reduces startup time and memory footprint.

Java 11

1. New String Methods

   • Description: Adds methods like isBlank(), lines(), strip(), and repeat().
   • Example:

     String str = " ";
     System.out.println(str.isBlank()); // true
     

   • Benefit: Simplifies common string manipulations.

2. Local-Variable Syntax for Lambda Parameters

   • Description: Allows var to be used in lambda parameters.
   • Example:

     (var s1, var s2) -> s1 + s2;

   • Benefit: Enables more consistent syntax and supports type inference in lambdas.

3. HTTP Client (Standard)

   • Description: Introduces a new HTTP client API for handling HTTP requests.
   • Example:

     
     HttpClient client = HttpClient.newHttpClient();
     HttpRequest request = HttpRequest.newBuilder().uri(URI.create("http://example.com")).build();
     HttpResponse<String> response = client.send(request, HttpResponse.BodyHandlers.ofString());
     

   • Benefit: Provides a more efficient and feature-rich way to perform HTTP operations.

Java 12

1. Switch Expressions (Preview)

   • Description: Extends the switch statement to be used as an expression.
   • Example:

     
     int num = switch (day) {
         case MONDAY, FRIDAY, SUNDAY -> 6;
         case TUESDAY                -> 7;
         case THURSDAY, SATURDAY     -> 8;
         case WEDNESDAY              -> 9;
     };
     

   • Benefit: Simplifies switch statements and makes them more expressive.

2. JVM Constants API

   • Description: Introduces an API to model nominal descriptions of key class-file and run-time artifacts.
   • Benefit: Enhances code maintenance and analysis tools.

Java 13

1. Text Blocks (Preview)
   • Description: Introduces multiline string literals.
   • Example:

     String json = """
     {
         "name": "John",
         "age": 30
     }
     """;
     

   • Benefit: Simplifies writing and reading multiline strings.

Java 14

1. Switch Expressions (Standard)

   • Description: Makes switch expressions a standard feature.
   • Benefit: Improves readability and reduces boilerplate code in switch statements.

2. Pattern Matching for instanceof (Preview)

   • Description: Simplifies the use of instanceof by introducing pattern matching.
   • Example:

     
     if (obj instanceof String s) {
         System.out.println(s.toLowerCase());
     }
     

   • Benefit: Reduces boilerplate code and makes type checks more readable.

Java 15

1. Text Blocks (Standard)
   • Description: Makes text blocks a standard feature.
   • Benefit: Further simplifies handling of multiline strings.

Java 16

1. Pattern Matching for instanceof (Standard)

   • Description: Makes pattern matching for instanceof a standard feature.
   • Benefit: Improves readability and reduces boilerplate in type checks.

2. Records

   • Description: Introduces a new kind of class for immutable data carriers.
   • Example:

     
     public record Point(int x, int y) {}
     

   • Benefit: Reduces boilerplate code for data classes by automatically generating constructors, accessors, equals, hashCode, and toString methods.

Java 17

1. Sealed Classes

   • Description: Allows a class or interface to restrict which other classes or interfaces may extend or implement it.
   • Example:

     
     public abstract sealed class Shape permits Circle, Square, Rectangle {}
     

   • Benefit: Provides more control over the class hierarchy and improves security and maintainability.

2. Pattern Matching for switch (Preview)

   • Description: Extends switch expressions and statements with pattern matching.
   • Example:

     
     switch (obj) {
         case String s -> System.out.println(s.toLowerCase());
         case Integer i -> System.out.println(i * 2);
         default -> throw new IllegalStateException("Unexpected value: " + obj);
     }
     

   • Benefit: Makes switch statements more powerful and expressive by enabling pattern matching.

Optimizing Code Using These Features

1. Conciseness: Use lambda expressions, the Stream API, and text blocks to reduce boilerplate and make your code more concise and readable.
2. Efficiency: Stream API, pattern matching, and records improve performance and reduce code complexity.
3. Maintainability: The module system, sealed classes, and pattern matching improve code maintainability and readability.
4. Safety: Optional, records, and sealed classes enhance type safety and reduce common errors.

By leveraging these features, you can write more efficient, maintainable, and readable Java code, significantly improving your applications.